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Horizontal Dials
This is the type found commonly on pedestals in gardens. The dial
plate is horizontal. The gnomon (which casts the shadow) makes an
angle equal to the latitude of the location for which it was designed.
Equatorial
Dials
have the dial
plate fixed in the plane of the equator. The gnomon is perpendicular
to the dial plate. The hour lines are spaced equally at 15 degree
intervals. The armillary sphere is a development of this idea, and
consists of a series of rings in the planes of the equator and the
meridian, and a rod parallel to the earth's axis and passing through
the center of the rings.
Vertical & Polar Sundials
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